What are the strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae?
Resistance. Resistant pneumococcal strains are called penicillin-resistant pneumococci (PRP), penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP), Streptococcus pneumoniae penicillin resistant (SPPR) or drug-resistant Strepotococcus pneumoniae (DRSP).
What can Streptococcus pneumoniae cause?
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) can cause a range of different illnesses including sinusitis, otitis media, pneumonia, bacteraemia, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis and meningitis. Vaccines are available that help prevent invasive pneumococcal disease (such as bacteraemia and meningitis).
Why is Streptococcus pneumoniae so virulent?
S. pneumoniae has many virulence factors (Table 2; Figure 4) that allow for adherence to host cells, reduce the host’s immune system’s ability to clear the bacterium, and promote invasion of epithelial cells (17).
What antibiotic kills Streptococcus?
Doctors most often prescribe penicillin or amoxicillin (Amoxil) to treat strep throat. They are the top choices because they’re safer, inexpensive, and they work well on strep bacteria.
Which is more virulent Streptococcus pneumoniae or unencapsulated strains?
Encapsulated strains of S. pneumoniae are found to be 100,000 times more virulent than unencapsulated strains during invasion of mucosal surfaces. (5) Virulence is a harmful quality possessed by microorganisms that can cause disease, and the characteristics of encapsulated strains are essentially the key to virulence.
How is overuse of antibiotics related to Streptococcus pneumoniae?
These in total suggest that the overuse of certain antibiotics is more likely to be related to the increase in drug-resistance stains of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Granizo et al. 2000). Streptococcus pneumoniae is characterized by a polysaccharide capsule that completely encloses the cell, and plays a key role in its virulence.
What kind of disease can Streptococcus equi cause?
Other beta hemolytic groups. Groups C and G (and rarely group F) occasionally cause human disease (particularly pharyngitis). Group C streptococci includes: Streptococcus equi, which causes a disease in horses. S. zooepidemicus which causes infections in cattle and horses among other animals. S. dysgalactiae.
What makes up the cell wall of Streptococcus pneumoniae?
Cell structure and metabolism. Streptococcus pneumoniae is characterized by a polysaccharide capsule that completely encloses the cell, and plays a key role in its virulence. The cell wall of S. pneumoniae is composed of peptidoglycan, with teichoic acid attached to every third N-acetylmuramic acid, and is about 6 layers thick.
Encapsulated strains of S. pneumoniae are found to be 100,000 times more virulent than unencapsulated strains during invasion of mucosal surfaces. (5) Virulence is a harmful quality possessed by microorganisms that can cause disease, and the characteristics of encapsulated strains are essentially the key to virulence.
How many serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae are there?
There are 100 known serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae, the bacteria that cause pneumococcal disease. Streptococcus pneumoniae are lancet-shaped, gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacteria with 100 known serotypes. Most S. pneumoniae serotypes can cause disease, but only a minority of serotypes produce the majority of pneumococcal infections.
These in total suggest that the overuse of certain antibiotics is more likely to be related to the increase in drug-resistance stains of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Granizo et al. 2000). Streptococcus pneumoniae is characterized by a polysaccharide capsule that completely encloses the cell, and plays a key role in its virulence.
Cell structure and metabolism. Streptococcus pneumoniae is characterized by a polysaccharide capsule that completely encloses the cell, and plays a key role in its virulence. The cell wall of S. pneumoniae is composed of peptidoglycan, with teichoic acid attached to every third N-acetylmuramic acid, and is about 6 layers thick.