Does an abstract need a heading?

Your abstract page should already include the page header (described above). On the first line of the abstract page, center and bold the word Abstract (no italics, underlining, or quotation marks). Beginning with the next line, write a concise summary of the key points of your research. (Do not indent.)

What must an abstract contain?

An abstract summarizes, usually in one paragraph of 300 words or less, the major aspects of the entire paper in a prescribed sequence that includes: 1) the overall purpose of the study and the research problem(s) you investigated; 2) the basic design of the study; 3) major findings or trends found as a result of your …

Can you put citations in an abstract?

Avoid citing sources in your abstract. There are two reasons for this: The abstract should focus on your original research, not on the work of others. The abstract should be self-contained and fully understandable without reference to other sources.